Collapsible form for concrete-steel constructions.



No. 791,446. PAI'EII'I'ED JUNE 6, 1905.

' L..F. BRAYTON...

CQLLAPSI'BLE FORM' POE', CONCRETE-STEEL GONSTRUGTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 25, 1904.

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L. P. BRAYTON.

BATENTED J'UNBG, 1905.

COLLAPSIBLE FORM POR CONCRETE-STEEL CONSTRUGTIONS..

APPLICATION FILED A116525, 1904.

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[Affi/fm2 PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905.

No. '791,446y

L. F. BRAYTON. GOLLAPSIBLE FORM POR CONCRETE-STEEL GONSTRUGTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED AG. 2,5, 1904.

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PATENT OFFICE. i

ALOUIS F. BRAYTON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

COLLAPSIBLE FORNI FOR CONCRETE-STEEL CONSTRUCTIONS.

.SPECIFICATION rforming part of 'Letters Patent No. 91,446, dated June 6, 19,05.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, LOUIS F. BRAYToN, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Collapsible Forms for Concrete-Steel Constructions; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention has for its object to provide an improved collapsible or knockdown system of vforms for use in the erection of concretesteel constructions, and especially adapted for use in the erection of concretesteel constructions of the character set forth and claimed in my pending applications, Serial No. 220,745, filed of date August 15, 1904; Serial N o. 221,593, iiled of date August 22, 1904, and Serial No. 222,056, liled of date August 25, 1904, all entitled Concrete-steel construction.

To the above ends the vinvention consists of the novel devices and combinations of den vices hereinafter described, and dened in the nying drawings, wherein like characters indi'-` cate like parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of several of the forms set up in position for use. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section on the line m2 m2 of Fig. l, the parts being shownv on a larger scale than in said Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line m33 of Fig. 1, the parts being shown on the same scale as in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are views corresponding to Fig. 3, but illustrating modified constructions of the forms. Fig. 6 is a view corresponding to Fig. 5, but showing a form designed and arranged for use in the erection of concretesteel roof-trusses. Fig. 7 is atransverse vertical section taken on the irregular line :v7 007 of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is an enlarged' section taken on the same line as Fig. 7, but showing only thelower portion of the trussform.

Referring lirst to the construction illustrated in Figs. 1,'2, and 3, the numeral 1 in- Application filed August 25, 1904. Serial No. 222,057.

dicates an I-beam which constitutes the'rigid chord member of one of the girders of the structure, and the character 1L likewise indicates an I-beam which constitutes the rigid chord member of one of the beams of the structure. Beams and girders are of course from abroad point of view the samething, and trusses are aform of beam; but in this detail description for the purposes of clearness the term girder is used to designate the relatively deep beams, the term beams is used to indicate those beams which extend transversely of and are supported by the girders and have less depth than the girders, while the term truss is specifically used to indicate a trussed and tapered form of beam.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-section of the form and Fig. 3 shows a form which'is used in the construction of the girders. Both of these forms are in most respects alike.

The lower` portions of the rectangular trough-like forms are` as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, made up of a pair of long angle-plates 2, which are approximately L-shaped in crosssection and are normally set with their u pper legs parallel and with their lower legs abutting in the same horizontal plane. These sections 2 are connected at their bottoms by hinges 3, which are bolted thereto, and between which and the said sections 2 in the construction illustrated are clamped the hori- Zontally turned lower ends of a pairof metallic straps 4. The upturned ends of the straps 4 are bolted or otherwise rigidly secured to the outer surfaces of the verticallegs of the angle-plates 2, and at their extreme upper ends they are provided with laterally-projecting pivot-bolts 5,. which, as shown, are also held by short straps 6, spaced apart from said straps 4 and bolted or otherwise rigidly secured to the vertical legs of said angle-plates 2. The hinge members 3 of the one angleplate 2 are provided with laterally-projecting hinge-pins 7, which work loosely in seats formed in the hinge members 3 of the other angle-plate 2, thereby making it possible to Separate the two angle-plates 2 by endwise movements of the one with respect to the which is used in the. construction of the beam,

other. The bolts 8, which connect the hinge members 3 to the angle-plates 2, work through slots 8, formed in said hinge members, as best shown in Fig. 1. These slots 3, when the nuts of the bolt 8 are loosened, permit the angle-plates 2 to be separated, and this being done a filling-strip 9, such as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, may be introduced between the hori- Zontal legs of the said angle-plates 2. Hence with this adjustment and by the use of fillingstrips the form may be set for any desired width of concrete beam or girder body. The vertical legs of the angle-plates 2, both of the beam and the girder forms, are provided between the straps 4 and 6 with narrow slots, through which Work comparatively thin metallic grapple-plates, so-called,(indieated by the numeral 10.) rlhese grapple-plates at their upper extremities are pivoted on the bolts 5, heretofore noted, and at their inner extremities they are notched at 11 to form seats that are adapted to engage the lower flanges of the I-beams 1 or 1a, as the case may be. Attheir outer and lower portions said grapple-plates are, as shown, formed with depending hooks 12, through which project clamping-bolts 18, which clamping-bolts, as shown, are set into the lower legsof the angle-plates 2 and at their outwardly-projecting threaded ends are provided with nuts 14, which when tightened press the grapple-plates into engagement with the anges of the I-beams.

The extreme upper portions of the sides of the beam and girder forms arealike and are made up of plates or strips 15, which, as shown, are beveled at 15, so as toy produce fillets at the junctions of the beams and girders with the floor-slab, which floor-slab in Figs. 2 and 3 is indicated by the dotted line marked z. Also, as shown, strips 15 are reinforced by cleats 15b, rigidly secured thereto. In Fig. 2 the upper side strips 15 are placed directly against the upper legs of the angular plates 2, While in Fig. 3 in order to produce agirder of greater depth filling-strips 16 are interposed directly between said side strips 15 and the upper legs of the said angle-plates 2.

To support the Hoor-sections of the form in position, a plurality of joists 17 are employed. These joists extend parallel with the girders and abut at their ends against the sides of the beam-forms and hold the same against lateral spreading movements. The joists are supported by blocks 18, rigidly secured on the vertical legs of the angle-plates 2 of the beamforms, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The joists 17 are held against lateral displacement by stops 19, having projecting pins 20, which project through perforations in said joists and are provided at their projecting ends with loelkeys 21. The floor-sections 22 of the form construction rest upon the joists 17, and certain thereof at their edges rest upon the cleats 15b of the upper strips or plates 15. Said Hoor-sections 22 are provided with cleats 22, that engage with the joists 17 and with the said cleats 15" to hold the said floor-sections in their proper relative positions.

In placing the forms above described in working positions the lower trough-forming sections-that is,in the construction described, the hinged angle-plates 2 of the gi rder-formsVM are lirst applied, and the grapple-plates 1() are pressed onto the lower flanges of the I- beams 1. The said grapple-plates being once set in proper relative position with respect to the angle-plates 2 by adjustments of the nuts 14 are applied to the flanges of the I-beam and removed therefrom by the hinge-like movements of the said"angleplates with rcspect to each other. The adjustment of the said grapple-plates by means of the nuts 14 is for the purpose of setting them for proper engagement with I-beams or similar metallic members varying in their width. Next the angle-plates 2 of the beam-forms are placed in working position in the manner already described, and when they are thus supported from the I-beams 1 they abut against the angle-plates 2 of the girder-forins and lock them in working positions against spreading movements. Next the joists 17 aie applied in working positions, and when thus applied they abut against the angle-plates 2 of the beam-forms and lock them in working positions and against spreading movements. Next the filling-strips 16 are set in position, and then the upper side strips or plates 15 are placed on working position both for the beam and girder forms. Then, and finally, the fioorsections 22 are placed in working position. The forms thus applied, as is evident, will be supported entirely by the self-sustaining steel structure, and the concrete in plastic condition may be then filled into the channel-like forms and spread over the floor-sections to form the concrete bodies of thegirders, beams, and Hoor-slabs. After the concrete has properly set the several parts of the forms may be removed in the following order: First, the keys 21 are removed from the pins 20, and the joists 17 are taken down. This will permit the hinged angle-plates 2 of the beam-forms to swing apart and release their grapple-plates from the beams 1", thereby permitting the ready removal of the said beam forming plates 2. The removal of the angle-plates 2 of the beam-forms releases the angle-plates of the. girder-forms and permits the latter to be rcmoved by hinge-like separating movements. Then the fillers 16 may be removed, then the upper side plates or strips 15, both el the girder and beam forms, may be removed, and then, and lastly, the door-sections 22 may be removed.

ln practice it is only necessary to provide enough forms for asingle floor or even a portion of a floor, as these forms may be used successively to form the difcrent lioors or different sections of the same iioor.

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The construction illustrated 'in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is designed for use 1n forming roofslabs, purlins, and roof-trusses and requires but a slight modification of the constructionV illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive. The same lower sections of the trough-like forms used for the girders and beams in the former illustration are employed for the purlin-forms and for the truss-forms; but slight modifications of the upper side plates or strips 15 used in the purlin-form are made necessary by the inclination of the roof, as clearly shown in section in Fig. 6. Also in the truss-form illustrated in section in Fig. 7 the form of the truss makes necessary the use of wide and tapered lilling-strips 16 in lieu of the fillingstrips 16 used in the girder-form. Also to hold the illing-plates 16 in position I preferably employ retaining-stakes 23, which, as shown, are supported at their lower endsv by keepers 24, secured to the angle-plates 2 of the girder-form. At their upper ends the stakes 23 bear against the joists 17, which in this arrangement, as well as the slab-sections 22 (hitherto termed loor-sections) are of course given the proper inclination to form the roof slab, (indicated by `dotted lines marked e in Fig. 6.) `As indicated in Figs.

7 and 8, the rigid chord member of the truss is formed by a pair oi' steel angles 1b, to which the grapple-plates 1() of the truss-form are applied. Also in view of the width of the truss the bottom lling-strips `9, heretofore noted, are interposed between the horizontal legs of the angle-plates 2.

' Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate modiiied forms of the grapple-platesand of the trough-forming angle-plates. In these modifications the vertical and horizontal legs of the angle-plates 2 are connected by hinges 2, which permit the said sections when the forms are removed to be turned iiatwise together, but hold them against outward pivotal movements when the forms are in working positions. The lower legs of said angle-plates 2 are connected by hinges 2b,which are similar to the hinges 3 to 7, before described. The grapple-plates 10 (illustrated in Fig. 1:)work through slotsin the horizontal legs of the angle-plates 2, are pivotedthereto at 10, and are formed with depending hooks 10b,in which loosely rest headed nut-blocks 25. l A clamping-screw 26, having right and left threads, works with screwthreaded engagement through the nut-blocks 25. As is evident, by means of the clamping-screws 26 the grapple-plates 10 may be forced onto the lower iianges of the beam 1 and may be released therefrom bythe proper movement. The vertical legs of the angle- Aplates-2 must be slotted or cut away to aii'ord overlapping perforated legs 10c. A short nutted bolt 27, passing through certain of the alined perforations of the legs 10C, serves to lock the grapple-plates onto the said beam 1.

From what has been said it will be under- Astood that the construction described is'capathe metallic member of' abeam or similar rconcrete-metal structure, to secure said form in proper-position for molding the concrete about the metal p arts, substantially as. de-

scribed.

2. The combination with a collapsible form,

of grapples working through the plates of said form and engageable with the metallic chord member of a concrete-metal beam ori.

similar structure, to anchor said formin position for molding the concrete about the metallic parts, and adjustable locking means for said grapples` 'substantially as described.

3. The combination with a collapsible form, having extensible sides,'o1c grapples applied thereto and applicable to the metallic member of a beam or similar concrete-metal structure,

to secure said form in position for molding the concrete about the metal parts, substan- -tially as described.

4:. The combination with a collapsible form, having an extensible bottom, of grapples applied thereto and applicable to the metallic member of a beam or similanconcrete-metal structure, to secure said form in proper position for molding the concrete about the metal parts, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a collapsibleform,

having extensible sid es and extensible bottom,

of grapples applied thereto, applicable to the metallic member of a beam or similar concrete-metal structure, to secure said form in proper position Jfor molding the concrete about the metal parts, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a form for containing concrete in position for molding, of

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grapples applied thereto and adapted. for application to the metallic member of a beam or similar concrete-metal structure,substantiall y respect tothe sides of said form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. In combination, collapsible girder-forms and collapsi-ble beam-forms, the members of one of said class of forms being arranged to hold against collapsing movements the members `of the other class of forms, substantially as described.

10. The combination with collapsible girderforms vand beam-forms, members of one class of said forms serving to lock members of the other .class of said forms against collapsing movements, and means for supporting said forms from the metallic members of the concrete-metal beams and girders, substantially as described.

11. The combination with collapsible beamforms andcollapsible girder-forms, members of one class of said forms locking members of the other class of forms against collapsing movements, detachable joists abutting against and locking certain of the members of said forms against collapsing movements, thereby directly or indirectly locking all the forms against collapsing' movements, and means for supporting said forms from the metallic members of the concrete-metal beams and girders, substantially as described.

12. The combination with collapsible beamforms and collapsible girder-forms, members of one class of said forms locking members of the other class of forms against collapsing movements, detachable joists abutting against and locking members of certain of said forms against collapsing movements, thereby directly or indirectly locking all the said `forms against collapsing movements, Hoor or slab sections supported by said joists and filling in the space between the forms, and means for supporting said forms from the metallic inembers of the concrete-steel girders and beams, substantially as described.

18. In separable forms for building concrete structures, a beam-form comprising a bottom plate and removable side plates and opening at intervals the length of said side plates, in combination with intersecting beamforms removably supported opposite said openings.

14. In separable forms AFor building concrete structures, the main beam-forms provided with joist-rests, in combination with supplemental beam-forms open at their ends to said main beam-forms and removably connected therewith, joists removably supported upon said rests, and Hoor-plates removably supported upon said joists and forms.

In testimony whereof I aiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS F. BRA YTON.

Witnesses:

H. D. KILGoRn, F. D. MERCHANT. 

